Roman aqueducts were systems of channels, tunnels, and bridges built to carry fresh water from distant sources into Roman cities, representing one of the greatest engineering achievements of the ancient world. This article details the history and significance of the Roman aqueducts.

The Market of Trajan was a large multi-story complex of shops, offices, and public spaces built in Rome between 100 and 113 CE, often described as one of the earliest covered commercial centers ever constructed. This article details the history and significance of the Market of Trajan.

The Circus Maximus was the largest stadium in Ancient Rome, a chariot-racing arena that could hold between 150,000 and 250,000 spectators and served as the main venue for public entertainment in Rome for nearly a thousand years. This article details the history and significance of the Circus Maximus.

The division of the Roman Empire refers to the permanent separation of the empire into Western and Eastern halves in 395 CE, a process that eventually led to the fall of the Western Empire in 476 CE while the Eastern Empire survived for nearly another thousand years. This article details the history and significance of the division of the Roman Empire.

The Roman Republic lasted from 509 to 27 BCE and was one of the most sophisticated systems of government in the ancient world, built on elected magistrates, a powerful Senate, and checks and balances designed to prevent any one person from gaining too much power. This article details the history and significance of the Roman Republic.

The Roman Kingdom was the earliest period of Roman history, lasting from the founding of Rome in 753 BCE to the overthrow of its last king in 509 BCE, when the Roman Republic was established. This article details the history and significance of the Roman Kingdom.

The Pax Romana was a roughly 200-year period of relative peace and prosperity in the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 BCE to 180 CE, during which Rome reached its greatest size and produced some of its most famous buildings and literature. This article details the history and significance of the Pax Romana.

Roman law was the legal system of Ancient Rome, developed over more than a thousand years from the Twelve Tables of 449 BCE to the great legal compilation of Emperor Justinian in the sixth century CE. This article details the history and significance of Roman Law.

Roman expansion and conquest transformed Rome from a small city-state on the Tiber River into an empire controlling most of the known Western world, through centuries of military campaigns, strategic alliances, and skilled provincial administration. This article details the history and significance of Roman expansion and conquest.